You can send invoice overdue notice manually or automatically with cron jobs.
Sending with cron job
To set up automatically overdue notices, go to Setup -> Settings -> Cron Job -> Invoices
If you want to send overdue notice the same day when the invoice is overdue, set the field Auto send reminder after to 0, otherwise set it according to your needs.
The second field is about resending the overdue notice based on the last notice date. If you want to disable resending the overdue notice set this field to 0
The overdue notices will be sent at specific hours based Hour of day to perform automatic operations value that is set in Setup->Settings->Cron Job->Invoices